When Did We Begin to Spell 'Heteros*Edasticity' Correctly?

When did I begin? Another critical response to Norman Ford.

When did I begin?--a reply to Nicholas Tonti-Filippini.

Risk-taking by banks: What did we know and when did we know it?

The systematic risk of US commercial bank stocks more than doubled from 2000 to 2006, primarily due to their increased residential mortgage exposure. Higher levels of mortgage lending produced better earnings but relatively lower stock returns. Banks engaged heavily in mortgage lending encountered less enthusiastic market response to their earnings announcements, suggesting that financial marke...

9 / 11 : What Did We Know and When Did We Know It ?

In February 1998, Osama Bin Laden published a signed statement calling for a fatwa against the United States for its having “declared war against God.” As we now know, the fatwa resulted in the unprecedented attack of 9/11. The issue of whether or not 9/11 was in any way predictable culminated in the public debate between Richard Clarke, former CIA Director George Tenet and the White House. We ...

When did atoms begin to do any explanatory work in chemistry ?

During the 19th-century atomism was a controversial issue in chemistry. It is an oversimplification to dismiss the critics’ arguments as all falling under the general positivist view that what can’t be seen can’t be. The more interesting lines of argument, at any rate, either questioned whether any coherent notion of an atom had ever been formulated, or questioned whether atoms were ever really...